চিত্র:Arkansas map by Sean Pecor.png

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বিবরণ

English: Map of Arkansas, created for APPRAISERSdotCOM by Sean Pecor. Based on preexisting black and white US Census maps. Pecor added to the original free maps "font and color selection; visual effects such as relief, shadowing, and shading; labeling; call-outs." United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit found that these additions are not eligible for copyright in a 2007 decision.

তারিখ

প্রায় ২০০০

উৎস

appraisers.com: Page, Pic. Modifications: converted from GIF to PNG.

লেখক

United States Census Bureau (original maps), Sean Pecor (derivative work)

অনুমতি
(এ ফাইলের পুনঃব্যবহার)

Original maps:

This image or file is a work of a United States Census Bureau employee, taken or made as part of that person's official duties. As a work of the U.S. federal government, the image is in the public domain.

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Derivative work by Sean Pecor:

এই ছবিটি কপিরাইটের যোগ্য নয় এবং এ কারণে এটি পাবলিক ডোমেইনের অন্তর্গত। কারণ এই ছবিটি এমন কিছু তথ্য ধারণ করে যা নির্দেশ করে এটি একটি সাধারন সম্পত্তি এবং এটির নির্দিষ্ট কোন রচয়িতা নেই।

See Darden v. Peters, 2007 WL 1501355 (4th Cir. May 24, 2007) [1]. Court found that:

We first consider the refusal of the Copyright Office to register Darden's Maps work. In each of the three letters denying registration, the Copyright Office explained that the changes and additions Darden made to the standard census maps in his Maps work claim were uncopyrightable elements that were insufficiently original or creative to be copyrightable. See Satava v. Lowry, 323 F.3d 805, 812 n. 5 (9th Cir.2003) (noting that "expressions that are standard, stock, or common to a particular subject matter or medium are not protectable under copyright law"). Additions to the preexisting maps such as color, shading, and labels using standard fonts and shapes fall within the narrow category of works that lack even a minimum level of creativity; indeed, Darden's contributions to the preexisting maps resemble the list of examples of uncopyrightable works set forth in 37 C.F.R. § 202.1(a).

Darden points out that courts have recognized that maps have "have an inherent pictorial or photographic nature that merits copyright protection." Mason v. Montgomery Data, Inc., 967 F.2d 135, 142 (5th Cir.1992); see Streetwise Maps, Inc. v. VanDam, Inc., 159 F.3d 739 (2d Cir.1998). The general proposition that maps are categorically eligible for copyright registration, however, does not establish that the maps at issue here are copyrightable.

[...]

We conclude that the Register properly refused to register Darden's Maps work. Because there was no abuse of discretion, we decline to set aside the decision of the Copyright Office.