Sistan and Baluchestan

Sistan and Baluchestan is the southeasternmost province of Iran, along the country's border with Pakistan.

• 29.49288760.8503021 Zahedan – the provincial capital of Baluchestan
• 31.03055661.4952 Zabol
• 27.37083362.3308333 Saravan
• 28.22111161.2158334 Khash
• 27.202560.6847225 Iranshahr
• 26.22583360.2141676 Nikshahr
• 25.29194460.6430567 Chabahar
• 27.19444460.4558338 Bampoor

• 25.979361.52911 Bahookalat Protected Area — Nature reserve home to several endangered species.
• 30.26388959.2411112 Dasht-e Lut — Large salt desert partly located in Sistan and Baluchestan, one of the world's driest and hottest places

Sistan and Baluchestan is the second largest of the 31 provinces of Iran, after Kerman province. The province is mainly populated by the Baloch people with a small minority of Sistani Persians. Unlike the rest of Iran, the majority of the population is Sunni Muslim, and the local culture is heavily influenced by neighboring Pakistan

Sistan-Baluchestan province is one of the driest regions of Iran, with a slight increase in rainfall from east to west, and a rise in humidity in the coastal regions. The province is subject to seasonal winds from different directions, the most important of which are the "120-day wind" of Sistan, known in Balochi as Levar; the seventh wind (Gav-kosh); the south wind (Nambi); the Hooshak wind; the humid and seasonal winds of the Indian Ocean; the north wind (Gurich); and the western wind (Gard).

In 2023, the Sistan region was affected by several dust events, occurring in April, June, and August. The latter sent 1120 people to hospitals. Winds reached a speed of 108 km/h in Zabol station.

The native language of the region, Balochi, related to ancient Persian (Avestan), is spoken in western, southern, and eastern parts of the region. As in the rest of Iran, Persian is also useful.

There are three airports within the region, most flights are domestic with a very limited number of international flights from major hubs such as Dubai.

• Chabahar Konarak Airport (ZBR  ^IATA)
• Iranshahr Airport (IHR  ^IATA)
• Zahedan Airport (ZAH ^IATA)

The railway network is quite limited within the province. Zahedan in the northern part of the region was for a long time the only city connected to the rail network. Work is however under way to extend the railway southwards, the first extension to Khash was opened in 2022. The rest of the extension towards Chabahar at the Persian Gulf won't be finished until the mid or late 2020s.

There are direct overnight trains from Tehran to Zahedan and Khash several times per week, with journey times of about 24 hours. The former international train "Zahedan Mixed Passenger" which ran twice a month (3rd and 17th of every month) between Zahedan and Quetta in Pakistan was suspended sometime around 2014 and a goods-only service now operates on this line as of early 2025.

• Shahr-I Sokhta — the ruins of a city abandoned around 1800 BC, this archaeological site was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2014.
• Guel Afshan — a well that spews mud to the air
• Lut Desert — partially located in Sistan and Baluchestan, the rest in Kerman is a salt desert that is listed as a World Heritage Site.
• Firuzabad Castle in Sarbaz County
• Rostam Castlein Hamun County
• Naseri Castle in Iranshahr

Baluchis are famous for carpets, especially prayer rugs.

Sistani embroidery has been an ancient handicraft of the region that has been traced as far back as 5th-century BC, originating from the Scythians.