The author died in 1932, so this work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 80 years or fewer.

This work was never published prior to January 1, 2003 and, according to the provisions of 17 U.S.C. § 303, it is in the public domain in the United States because its author died before 1955. See also this page for more information.

• its author died before 1955;
• the death date of its author is not known, and it was created before 1905;
• it is an anonymous work, a pseudonymous work, or a work made for hire, and it was created before 1905.

The above provisions are contained in 17 U.S.C. § 303. See also this page for more information.