local data = { sounds = {}, diacritics = {}, univPatterns = { { pat = "g", -- Latin Small Letter G rep = "ɡ" -- Latin Small Letter Script G }, { pat = "ᵍ", -- Modifier Letter Small G rep = "ᶢ" -- Modifier Letter Small Script G }, { pat = "l̴", -- 'l' + Combining Tilde Overlay rep = "ɫ" -- Latin Small Letter L with Middle Tilde }, { pat = "ˁ", -- Modifier Letter Reversed Glottal Stop rep = "ˤ" -- Modifier Letter Small Reversed Glottal Stop }, { pat = "’", -- Right Single Quotation Mark rep = "ʼ" -- Modifier Letter Apostrophe }, { pat = "ȷ", -- Latin Small Letter Dotless J rep = "j" -- Latin Small Letter J }, { pat = "ʇ", -- Latin Small Letter Turned T rep = "ǀ" -- Latin Letter Dental Click }, { pat = "[!ʗ]", -- Exclamation Mark / Latin Letter Stretched C rep = "ǃ" -- Latin Letter Retroflex Click }, { pat = "ǃǃ", -- Latin Letter Retroflex Click x 2 rep = "‼" -- Double Exclamation Mark }, { pat = "ʖ", -- Latin Letter Inverted Glottal Stop rep = "ǁ" -- Latin Letter Lateral Click }, }, keyPatterns = { -- These do not affect the revese look for diacritics { pat = "[͜͡ːˑ◌]", -- Tie bars, length marks, dotted circle rep = "" }, { pat = "ᵏ", -- Modifier Letter Small K rep = "k" -- Latin Small Letter K }, { pat = "ᶢ", -- Modifier Letter Small Script G rep = "ɡ" -- Latin Small Letter Script G }, { pat = "ᵑ", -- Modifier Letter Small Eng rep = "ŋ" -- Latin Small Letter Eng }, } } local rawData = { sounds = { -- PULMONIC CONSONANTS 肺部氣流音 -- NASAL 鼻音 { name = "清雙唇鼻音", symbols = { "m̥" }, }, { name = "雙唇鼻音", symbols = { "m" }, audio = "Bilabial nasal.ogg" }, { name = "唇齒鼻音", symbols = { "ɱ" }, audio = "Labiodental nasal.ogg" }, { name = "舌唇鼻音", symbols = { "n̼" }, audio = "Linguolabial nasal.ogg" }, { name = "齒鼻音", symbols = { "n̪" }, }, { name = "清齒齦鼻音", symbols = { "n̥" }, }, { name = "齒齦鼻音", symbols = { "n" }, audio = "Alveolar nasal.ogg" }, { name = "齒齦後鼻音", symbols = { "n̠" }, }, { name = "清捲舌鼻音", symbols = { "ɳ̊", "ɳ̥" }, }, { name = "捲舌鼻音", symbols = { "ɳ" }, audio = "Retroflex nasal.ogg" }, { name = "清齦顎鼻音", symbols = { "n̠̊ʲ", "ɲ̊˖", "ɲ̟̊", "ȵ̊" }, }, { name = "齦顎鼻音", symbols = { "n̠ʲ", "ɲ˖", "ɲ̟", "ȵ" }, }, { name = "清硬顎鼻音", symbols = { "ɲ̊", "ɲ̥" }, }, { name = "硬顎鼻音", symbols = { "ɲ" }, audio = "Palatal nasal.ogg" }, { name = "後顎鼻音", symbols = { "ɲ˗", "ɲ̠", "ŋ˖", "ŋ̟" }, }, { name = "清軟顎鼻音", symbols = { "ŋ̊", "ŋ̥" }, }, { name = "軟顎鼻音", symbols = { "ŋ" }, audio = "Velar nasal.ogg" }, { name = "前小舌鼻音", symbols = { "ɴ̟", "ŋ˗", "ŋ̠" }, }, { name = "小舌鼻音", symbols = { "ɴ" }, audio = "Uvular nasal.ogg" }, -- Stops 塞音 { name = "清雙唇塞音", symbols = { "p" }, audio = "Voiceless bilabial plosive.ogg" }, { name = "濁雙唇塞音", symbols = { "b" }, audio = "Voiced bilabial plosive.ogg" }, { name = "清唇齒塞音", symbols = { "p̪", "p͆" }, }, { name = "濁唇齒塞音", symbols = { "b̪" }, }, { name = "清舌唇塞音", symbols = { "t̼" }, }, { name = "濁舌唇塞音", symbols = { "d̼" }, }, { name = "清齒塞音", symbols = { "t̪" }, audio = "Voiceless dental stop.ogg" }, { name = "濁齒塞音", symbols = { "d̪" }, audio = "Voiced dental stop.ogg" }, { name = "清齒齦塞音", symbols = { "t" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolar plosive.ogg" }, { name = "濁齒齦塞音", symbols = { "d" }, audio = "Voiced alveolar plosive.ogg" }, { name = "清齒齦後塞音", symbols = { "t̠" }, }, { name = "濁齒齦後塞音", symbols = { "d̠" }, }, { name = "清捲舌塞音", symbols = { "ʈ" }, audio = "Voiceless retroflex stop.oga" }, { name = "濁捲舌塞音", symbols = { "ɖ" }, audio = "Voiced retroflex stop.oga" }, { name = "清齦顎塞音", symbols = { "t̠ʲ", "c̟", "ȶ" }, }, { name = "濁齦顎塞音", symbols = { "d̠ʲ", "ɟ˖", "ɟ̟", "ȡ" }, }, { name = "清硬顎塞音", symbols = { "c" }, audio = "Voiceless palatal plosive.ogg" }, { name = "濁硬顎塞音", symbols = { "ɟ" }, audio = "Voiced palatal plosive.ogg" }, { name = "清後顎塞音", symbols = { "c̠", "k̟" }, }, { name = "濁後顎塞音", symbols = { "ɟ˗", "ɟ̠", "ɡ˖", "ɡ̟" }, }, { name = "清軟顎塞音", symbols = { "k" }, audio = "Voiceless velar plosive.ogg" }, { name = "濁軟顎塞音", symbols = { "ɡ" }, audio = "Voiced velar plosive 02.ogg" }, { name = "清前小舌塞音", symbols = { "q˖", "q̟", "k̠" }, }, { name = "濁前小舌塞音", symbols = { "ɢ̟", "ɡ˗", "ɡ̠" }, }, { name = "清小舌塞音", symbols = { "q" }, audio = "Voiceless uvular plosive.ogg" }, { name = "濁小舌塞音", symbols = { "ɢ" }, audio = "Voiced uvular stop.oga" }, { name = "會厭塞音", symbols = { "ʡ" }, audio = "Epiglottal stop.ogg" }, { name = "聲門塞音", symbols = { "ʔ" }, audio = "Glottal stop.ogg" }, -- Affricates 塞擦音 { name = "清雙唇塞擦音", symbols = { "pɸ" }, audio = "Voiceless bilabial affricate.ogg" }, { name = "濁雙唇塞擦音", symbols = { "bβ" }, }, { name = "清唇齒塞擦音", symbols = { "p̪f", "p͆f", "pf" }, audio = "Voiceless labiodental affricate.ogg" }, { name = "濁唇齒塞擦音", symbols = { "b̪v", "bv" }, audio = "Voiced labiodental affricate.ogg" }, { name = "清齒塞擦音", symbols = { "t̪s̪", "ts̪", "t̟s̟", "ts̟" }, audio = "Voiceless dental sibilant affricate.oga" }, { name = "濁齒塞擦音", symbols = { "d̪z̪", "dz̪", "d̟z̟", "dz̟" }, audio = "Voiced dental sibilant affricate.oga" }, { name = "清齒無噝塞擦音", symbols = { "t̪θ", "t̟θ", "tθ" }, audio = "Voiceless dental non-sibilant affricate.oga" }, { name = "濁齒無噝塞擦音", symbols = { "d̪ð", "d̟ð", "dð" }, audio = "Voiced dental non-sibilant affricate.oga" }, { name = "清齒齦塞擦音", symbols = { "ts", "ʦ" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolar sibilant affricate.oga" }, { name = "濁齒齦塞擦音", symbols = { "dz", "ʣ" }, audio = "Voiced alveolar sibilant affricate.oga" }, { name = "清舌尖齒齦塞擦音", symbols = { "t̺s̺", "ts̺", "t̠s̠", "ts̠" }, }, { name = "濁舌尖齒齦塞擦音", symbols = { "d̺z̺", "dz̺", "d̠z̠", "dz̠" }, }, { name = "清齒齦無噝塞擦音", symbols = { "tɹ̝̊", "tɹ̥", "tθ̠", "tθ͇" }, }, { name = "濁齒齦無噝塞擦音", symbols = { "dɹ̝", "dɹ", "dð̠", "dð̳" }, }, { name = "清顎齦塞擦音", symbols = { "t̠ʃ", "tʃ", "ʧ" }, audio = "Voiceless palato-alveolar affricate.ogg" }, { name = "濁顎齦塞擦音", symbols = { "d̠ʒ", "dʒ", "ʤ" }, audio = "Voiced palato-alveolar affricate.ogg" }, { name = "清齒齦後無噝塞擦音", symbols = { "t̠ɹ̠̊˔", "tɹ̠̊˔", "tɹ̝̊˗", "t̠ɹ̝̊˗", "t̠ɹ̠̊", "tɹ̠̊" }, audio = "Voiceless postalveolar non-sibilant affricate.ogg" }, { name = "濁齒齦後無噝塞擦音", symbols = { "d̠ɹ̠˔", "dɹ̠˔", "dɹ̝˗", "d̠ɹ̝˗", "d̠ɹ̠", "dɹ̠" }, audio = "Voiced postalveolar non-sibilant affricate.ogg" }, { name = "清捲舌塞擦音", symbols = { "ʈʂ", "tʂ" }, audio = "Voiceless retroflex affricate.ogg" }, { name = "濁捲舌塞擦音", symbols = { "ɖʐ", "dʐ" }, audio = "Voiced retroflex affricate.ogg" }, { name = "清齦顎塞擦音", symbols = { "tɕ", "cɕ", "ʨ" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate.ogg" }, { name = "濁齦顎塞擦音", symbols = { "dʑ", "ɟʑ", "ʥ" }, audio = "Voiced alveolo-palatal affricate.ogg" }, { name = "清硬顎塞擦音", symbols = { "cç" }, audio = "Voiceless palatal affricate.ogg" }, { name = "濁硬顎塞擦音", symbols = { "ɟʝ" }, audio = "Voiced palatal affricate.ogg" }, { name = "清後顎塞擦音", symbols = { "c̠ç˗", "cç˗", "c̠ç̠", "cç̠", "k̟x̟", "kx̟" }, }, { name = "濁後顎塞擦音", symbols = { "ɟ˗ʝ˗", "ɟʝ˗", "ɟ̠ʝ̠", "ɟʝ̠", "ɡ˖ɣ˖", "ɡɣ˖", "ɡ̟ɣ̟", "ɡɣ̟" }, }, { name = "清軟顎塞擦音", symbols = { "kx" }, audio = "Voiceless velar affricate.ogg" }, { name = "濁軟顎塞擦音", symbols = { "ɡɣ" }, audio = "Voiced velar affricate.ogg" }, { name = "清前小舌塞擦音", symbols = { "q˖χ˖", "qχ˖", "q̟χ̟", "qχ̟", "k̠x̠", "kx̠" }, }, { name = "清小舌塞擦音", symbols = { "qχ" }, audio = "Voiceless uvular affricate.ogg" }, { name = "濁小舌塞擦音", symbols = { "ɢʁ" }, audio = "Voiced uvular affricate.ogg" }, { name = "清咽塞擦音", symbols = { "ʡħ" }, }, { name = "清會厭塞擦音", symbols = { "ʡʜ" }, audio = "Voiceless epiglottal affricate.ogg" }, { name = "濁會厭塞擦音", symbols = { "ʡʢ" }, audio = "Voiced epiglottal affricate.ogg" }, { name = "清聲門塞擦音", symbols = { "ʔh" }, audio = "Voiceless glottal affricate.ogg" }, -- Fricatives 擦音 { name = "清雙唇擦音", symbols = { "ɸ" }, audio = "Voiceless bilabial fricative.ogg" }, { name = "濁雙唇擦音", symbols = { "β" }, audio = "Voiced bilabial fricative.ogg" }, { name = "清唇齒擦音", symbols = { "f" }, audio = "Voiceless labiodental fricative.ogg" }, { name = "濁唇齒擦音", symbols = { "v" }, audio = "Voiced labiodental fricative.ogg" }, { name = "清舌唇擦音", symbols = { "θ̼" }, }, { name = "濁舌唇擦音", symbols = { "ð̼" }, }, { name = "清齒擦音", symbols = { "θ" }, audio = "Voiceless dental fricative.ogg" }, { name = "濁齒擦音", symbols = { "ð" }, audio = "Voiced dental fricative.ogg" }, { name = "清齒有噝擦音", symbols = { "s̪" }, }, { name = "濁齒有噝擦音", symbols = { "z̪" }, }, { name = "清齒齒齦有噝擦音", symbols = { "s̻̪", "s̪̻", "s̻͆", "s̟" }, }, { name = "清齒齦有噝擦音", symbols = { "s" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolar sibilant.ogg" }, { name = "濁齒齦有噝擦音", symbols = { "z" }, audio = "Voiced alveolar sibilant.ogg" }, { name = "清舌尖齒齦有噝擦音", symbols = { "s̺", "s̠" }, }, { name = "濁舌尖齒齦有噝擦音", symbols = { "z̺", "z̠" }, }, { name = "清齒齦無噝擦音", symbols = { "θ̠", "θ͇", "ɹ̝̊" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolar non-sibilant fricative.ogg" }, { name = "濁齒齦無噝擦音", symbols = { "ð̠", "ð̳", "ɹ̝" }, audio = "Voiced alveolar non-sibilant fricative.ogg" }, { name = "清齒齦閃擦音", symbols = { "ɾ̞̊" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolar tapped fricative.ogg" }, { name = "濁齒齦閃擦音", symbols = { "ɾ̞" }, audio = "Voiced alveolar tapped fricative.ogg" }, { name = "清顎齦擦音", symbols = { "ʃ" }, audio = "Voiceless palato-alveolar sibilant.ogg" }, { name = "濁顎齦擦音", symbols = { "ʒ" }, audio = "Voiced palato-alveolar sibilant.ogg" }, { name = "清齒齦後無噝擦音", symbols = { "ɹ̠̊˔", "ɹ̝̊˗" }, audio = "Voiceless postalveolar non-sibilant fricative.ogg" }, { name = "濁齒齦後無噝擦音", symbols = { "ɹ̠˔", "ɹ̝˗" }, audio = "Voiced postalveolar non-sibilant fricative.ogg" }, { name = "清捲舌擦音", symbols = { "ʂ" }, audio = "Voiceless retroflex sibilant.ogg" }, { name = "濁捲舌擦音", symbols = { "ʐ" }, audio = "Voiced retroflex sibilant.ogg" }, { name = "濁捲舌無噝擦音", symbols = { "ɻ̝", "ɻ˔" }, }, { name = "清齦顎擦音", symbols = { "ɕ" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolo-palatal sibilant.ogg" }, { name = "濁齦顎擦音", symbols = { "ʑ" }, audio = "Voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant.ogg" }, { name = "清硬顎擦音", symbols = { "ç" }, audio = "Voiceless palatal fricative.ogg" }, { name = "濁硬顎擦音", symbols = { "ʝ" }, audio = "Voiced palatal fricative.ogg" }, { name = "清後顎擦音", symbols = { "ç˗", "ç̠", "x̟" }, }, { name = "濁後顎擦音", symbols = { "ʝ˗", "ʝ̠", "ɣ˖", "ɣ̟" }, }, { name = "清軟顎擦音", symbols = { "x" }, audio = "Voiceless velar fricative.ogg" }, { name = "濁軟顎擦音", symbols = { "ɣ" }, audio = "Voiced velar fricative.ogg" }, { name = "清前小舌擦音", symbols = { "χ˖", "χ̟", "x̠" }, }, { name = "濁前小舌擦音", symbols = { "ʁ̟", "ɣ˗", "ɣ̠" }, }, { name = "清小舌擦音", symbols = { "χ" }, audio = "Voiceless uvular fricative.ogg" }, { name = "濁小舌擦音", symbols = { "ʁ" }, audio = "Voiced uvular fricative.ogg" }, { name = "清咽擦音", symbols = { "ħ" }, audio = "Voiceless pharyngeal fricative.ogg" }, { name = "濁咽擦音", symbols = { "ʕ" }, audio = "Voiced pharyngeal fricative.ogg" }, { name = "清聲門擦音", symbols = { "h" }, audio = "Voiceless glottal fricative.ogg" }, { name = "濁聲門擦音", symbols = { "ɦ" }, audio = "Voiced glottal fricative.ogg" }, { name = "清雙齒擦音", symbols = { "h̪͆" }, }, -- Approximants 近音 { name = "清雙唇近音", symbols = { "β̞̊", "β̥˕" }, }, { name = "雙唇近音", symbols = { "β̞" }, audio = "Bilabial approximant.ogg" }, { name = "清唇齒近音", symbols = { "ʋ̥", "f̞" }, }, { name = "唇齒近音", symbols = { "ʋ" }, audio = "Labiodental approximant.ogg" }, { name = "清齒近音", symbols = { "θ̞" }, }, { name = "齒近音", symbols = { "ð̞" }, }, { name = "清齒齦近音", symbols = { "ɹ̥" }, }, { name = "齒齦近音", symbols = { "ɹ" }, audio = "Alveolar approximant.ogg" }, { name = "齒齦後近音", symbols = { "ɹ̠" }, audio = "Postalveolar approximant.ogg" }, { name = "清捲舌近音", symbols = { "ɻ̊" }, }, { name = "捲舌近音", symbols = { "ɻ" }, audio = "Retroflex approximant.ogg" }, { name = "清硬顎近音", symbols = { "j̊" }, }, { name = "硬顎近音", symbols = { "j", "ʝ˕", "ʝ̞" }, audio = "Palatal approximant.ogg" }, { name = "後顎近音", symbols = { "j˗", "j̠", "ɰ̟", "ɰ˖", "ʝ˕˗", "ʝ˗˕", "ʝ̞˗", "ɣ˕˖", "ɣ˖˕", "ɣ̞˖" }, audio = "Post-palatal approximant.ogg" }, { name = "清軟顎近音", symbols = { "ɰ̊", "x̞", "ɣ̊˕", "ɣ̞̊" }, }, { name = "軟顎近音", symbols = { "ɰ", "ɣ˕", "ɣ̞" }, audio = "Voiced velar approximant.ogg" }, { name = "小舌近音", symbols = { "ʁ̞" }, }, { name = "咽近音", symbols = { "ʕ̞" }, }, { name = "會厭近音", symbols = { "ʢ̞" }, }, { name = "吱嘎音聲門近音", symbols = { "ʔ̞", "ʔ̰" }, }, -- Taps/flaps 閃音/彈音 { name = "雙唇閃音", symbols = { "ⱱ̟" }, }, { name = "唇齒閃音", symbols = { "ⱱ" }, audio = "Labiodental flap.ogg" }, { name = "舌唇閃音", symbols = { "ɾ̼" }, }, { name = "齒閃音", symbols = { "ɾ̪" }, }, { name = "清齒齦閃音", symbols = { "ɾ̥" }, }, { name = "齒齦閃音", symbols = { "ɾ" }, audio = "Alveolar tap.ogg" }, { name = "齒齦後閃音", symbols = { "ɾ̠" }, }, { name = "鼻化齒齦閃音", symbols = { "ɾ̃", "n̆" }, }, { name = "清捲舌閃音", symbols = { "ɽ̊" }, }, { name = "捲舌閃音", symbols = { "ɽ" }, audio = "Retroflex flap.ogg" }, { name = "小舌閃音", symbols = { "ɢ̆", "ʀ̆" }, }, { name = "會厭閃音", symbols = { "ʡ̆", "ʕ̆" }, audio = "Epiglottal flap.oga" }, -- Trills 顫音 { name = "清雙唇顫音", symbols = { "ʙ̥" }, audio = "Voiceless bilabial trill with aspiration.ogg" }, { name = "雙唇顫音", symbols = { "ʙ" }, audio = "Bilabial trill.ogg" }, { name = "舌唇顫音", symbols = { "r̼" }, audio = "Linguolabial trill.ogg" }, { name = "齒顫音", symbols = { "r̪" }, }, { name = "清齒齦顫音", symbols = { "r̥" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolar trill.ogg" }, { name = "齒齦顫音", symbols = { "r" }, audio = "Alveolar trill.ogg" }, { name = "清齒齦擦顫音", symbols = { "r̝̊" }, }, { name = "濁齒齦擦顫音", symbols = { "r̝" }, audio = "Raised alveolar non-sonorant trill.ogg" }, { name = "齒齦後顫音", symbols = { "r̠" }, }, { name = "清捲舌顫音", symbols = { "ɽ̊ɽ̊", "ɽ̊r̥", "ɽr̥" }, }, { name = "捲舌顫音", symbols = { "ɽɽ", "ɽr" }, }, { name = "清前小舌擦顫音", symbols = { "ʀ̝̊˖", "ʀ̟̊˔" }, }, { name = "濁前小舌擦顫音", symbols = { "ʀ̝˖", "ʀ̟˔" }, }, { name = "清小舌顫音", symbols = { "ʀ̥" }, audio = "Voiceless uvular trill.ogg" }, { name = "小舌顫音", symbols = { "ʀ" }, audio = "Uvular trill.ogg" }, { name = "清小舌擦顫音", symbols = { "ʀ̝̊" }, }, { name = "濁小舌擦顫音", symbols = { "ʀ̝" }, }, { name = "清會厭顫音", symbols = { "ʜ" }, audio = "Voiceless epiglottal trill.ogg" }, { name = "濁會厭顫音", symbols = { "ʢ" }, audio = "Voiced epiglottal fricative.ogg" }, -- Lateral affricates 邊塞擦音 { name = "清齒齦邊塞擦音", symbols = { "tɬ", "ƛ" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolar lateral affricate.ogg" }, { name = "濁齒齦邊塞擦音", symbols = { "dɮ" }, audio = "Voiced alveolar lateral affricate.ogg" }, { name = "清捲舌邊塞擦音", symbols = { "ʈɭ̊˔","ʈɭ̊" }, }, { name = "清硬顎邊塞擦音", symbols = { "cʎ̝̊", "cʎ̥" }, audio = "Voiceless palatal lateral affricate.ogg" }, { name = "清軟顎邊塞擦音", symbols = { "kʟ̝̊", "kʟ̥" }, audio = "Voiceless velar lateral affricate.ogg" }, { name = "濁軟顎邊塞擦音", symbols = { "ɡʟ̝", "ɡʟ" }, audio = "Voiced velar lateral affricate.ogg" }, -- Lateral fricatives 邊擦音 { name = "清齒邊擦音", symbols = { "ɬ̪" }, }, { name = "濁齒邊擦音", symbols = { "ɮ̪", "ɮ͆" }, }, { name = "清齒齦邊擦音", symbols = { "ɬ" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolar lateral fricative.ogg" }, { name = "濁齒齦邊擦音", symbols = { "ɮ" }, audio = "Voiced alveolar lateral fricative.ogg" }, { name = "清捲舌邊擦音", symbols = { "ɭ̊˔", "ꞎ" }, audio = "Voiceless retroflex lateral fricative.ogg" }, { name = "濁捲舌邊擦音", symbols = { "ɭ˔" }, }, { name = "清齦顎邊擦音", symbols = { "ɬ̠ʲ", "ʎ̝̊˖", "ȴ̊˔" }, }, { name = "清硬顎邊擦音", symbols = { "ʎ̝̊" }, audio = "Voiceless palatal lateral fricative.ogg" }, { name = "濁硬顎邊擦音", symbols = { "ʎ̝" }, }, { name = "清軟顎邊擦音", symbols = { "ʟ̝̊" }, audio = "Voiceless velar lateral fricative.ogg" }, { name = "濁軟顎邊擦音", symbols = { "ʟ̝" }, audio = "Voiced velar lateral fricative.ogg" }, -- Lateral approximants 邊近音 { name = "齒邊近音", symbols = { "l̪" }, }, { name = "清齒齦邊近音", symbols = { "l̥" }, }, { name = "齒齦邊近音", symbols = { "l" }, audio = "Alveolar lateral approximant.ogg" }, { name = "齒齦後邊近音", symbols = { "l̠" }, }, { name = "清捲舌邊近音", symbols = { "ɭ̊" }, }, { name = "捲舌邊近音", symbols = { "ɭ" }, audio = "Retroflex lateral approximant.ogg" }, { name = "清齦顎邊近音", symbols = { "l̠̊ʲ", "ʎ̟̊", "ȴ̊" }, }, { name = "齦顎邊近音", symbols = { "l̠ʲ", "ʎ̟", "ȴ" }, }, { name = "清硬顎邊近音", symbols = { "ʎ̥" }, }, { name = "硬顎邊近音", symbols = { "ʎ" }, audio = "Palatal lateral approximant.ogg" }, { name = "清軟顎邊近音", symbols = { "ʟ̥" }, }, { name = "軟顎邊近音", symbols = { "ʟ" }, audio = "Velar lateral approximant.ogg" }, { name = "小舌邊近音", symbols = { "ʟ̠" }, audio = "Uvular lateral approximant.ogg" }, -- Lateral taps/flaps 邊閃音 { name = "齒齦邊閃音", symbols = { "ɺ" }, audio = "Alveolar lateral flap.ogg" }, { name = "捲舌邊閃音", symbols = { "ɭ̆" }, }, { name = "硬顎邊閃音", symbols = { "ʎ̆" }, }, { name = "軟顎邊閃音", symbols = { "ʟ̆" }, }, -- NON-PULMONIC CONSONANTS 非肺部氣流音 -- Ejective stops 擠喉塞音 { name = "雙唇擠喉音", symbols = { "pʼ" }, audio = "Bilabial ejective plosive.ogg" }, { name = "齒擠喉音", symbols = { "t̪ʼ" }, }, { name = "齒齦擠喉音", symbols = { "tʼ" }, audio = "Alveolar ejective plosive.ogg" }, { name = "捲舌擠喉音", symbols = { "ʈʼ" }, audio = "Retroflex ejective.ogg" }, { name = "硬顎擠喉音", symbols = { "cʼ" }, audio = "Palatal ejective.ogg" }, { name = "軟顎擠喉音", symbols = { "kʼ" }, audio = "Velar ejective plosive.ogg" }, { name = "小舌擠喉音", symbols = { "qʼ" }, audio = "Uvular ejective plosive.ogg" }, { name = "會厭擠喉音", symbols = { "ʡʼ" }, audio = "Epiglottal ejective.ogg" }, -- Ejective affricates 擠喉塞擦音 { name = "齒擠喉塞擦音", symbols = { "t̪θʼ", "t̟θʼ", "tθʼ" }, audio = "Dental ejective affricate.ogg" }, { name = "齒齦擠喉塞擦音", symbols = { "tsʼ" }, audio = "Alveolar ejective affricate.ogg" }, { name = "顎齦擠喉塞擦音", symbols = { "t̠ʃʼ", "tʃʼ" }, audio = "Palato-alveolar ejective affricate.ogg" }, { name = "捲舌擠喉塞擦音", symbols = { "ʈʂʼ", "tʂʼ" }, audio = "Retroflex ejective affricate.ogg" }, { name = "齦顎擠喉塞擦音", symbols = { "t̠ɕʼ", "tɕʼ", "cɕʼ" }, }, { name = "硬顎擠喉塞擦音", symbols = { "cçʼ" }, audio = "Palatal ejective affricate.ogg" }, { name = "軟顎擠喉塞擦音", symbols = { "kxʼ" }, audio = "Velar ejective affricate.ogg" }, { name = "小舌擠喉塞擦音", symbols = { "qχʼ" }, audio = "Uvular ejective affricate.ogg" }, -- Ejective fricatives 擠喉擦音 { name = "雙唇擠喉擦音", symbols = { "ɸʼ" }, }, { name = "唇齒擠喉擦音", symbols = { "fʼ" }, audio = "Labiodental ejective fricative.ogg" }, { name = "齒擠喉擦音", symbols = { "θʼ" }, audio = "Dental ejective fricative.ogg" }, { name = "齒齦擠喉擦音", symbols = { "sʼ" }, audio = "Alveolar ejective fricative.ogg" }, { name = "顎齦擠喉擦音", symbols = { "ʃʼ" }, audio = "Palato-alveolar ejective fricative.ogg" }, { name = "捲舌擠喉擦音", symbols = { "ʂʼ" }, audio = "Retroflex ejective fricative.ogg" }, { name = "齦顎擠喉擦音", symbols = { "ɕʼ" }, audio = "Alveolo-palatal ejective fricative.ogg" }, { name = "硬顎擠喉擦音", symbols = { "çʼ" }, audio = "Palatal ejective fricative.ogg" }, { name = "軟顎擠喉擦音", symbols = { "xʼ" }, audio = "Velar ejective fricative.ogg" }, { name = "小舌擠喉擦音", symbols = { "χʼ" }, audio = "Uvular ejective fricative.ogg" }, -- Lateral ejective affricates 擠喉邊塞擦音 { name = "齒齦擠喉邊塞擦音", symbols = { "tɬʼ", "ƛʼ" }, audio = "Alveolar lateral ejective affricate.ogg" }, { name = "硬顎擠喉邊塞擦音", symbols = { "cʎ̝̊ʼ", "cʎ̥ʼ" }, audio = "Palatal lateral ejective affricate.ogg" }, { name = "軟顎擠喉邊塞擦音", symbols = { "kʟ̝̊ʼ", "kʟ̥ʼ" }, audio = "Velar lateral ejective affricate.ogg" }, -- Lateral ejective fricatives 擠喉邊擦音 { name = "齒齦擠喉邊擦音", symbols = { "ɬʼ" }, audio = "Alveolar lateral ejective fricative.ogg" }, -- Tenuis clicks 不送氣搭嘴音 { name = "不送氣雙唇搭嘴音", symbols = { "ʘ", "kʘ" }, audio = "Clic bilabial sourd.ogg" }, { name = "不送氣齒搭嘴音", symbols = { "ǀ", "kǀ" }, audio = "Dental click.ogg" }, { name = "不送氣齒齦搭嘴音", symbols = { "ǃ", "kǃ" }, audio = "Postalveolar click.ogg" }, { name = "不送氣硬顎搭嘴音", symbols = { "ǂ", "kǂ" }, audio = "Palatoalveolar click.ogg" }, { name = "軟顎搭嘴音", symbols = { "ʞ" }, }, -- Voiced clicks 濁搭嘴音 { name = "濁雙唇搭嘴音", symbols = { "ʘ̬", "ɡʘ" }, audio = "Bilabial click.ogg" }, { name = "濁齒搭嘴音", symbols = { "ǀ̬", "ɡǀ" }, }, { name = "濁齒齦搭嘴音", symbols = { "ǃ̬", "ɡǃ" }, }, { name = "不送氣捲舌搭嘴音", symbols = { "‼" }, }, { name = "濁硬顎搭嘴音", symbols = { "ǂ̬", "ɡǂ" }, }, { name = "濁捲舌搭嘴音", symbols = { "‼̬", "ɡ‼" }, }, -- Nasal clicks 鼻搭嘴音 { name = "雙唇鼻搭嘴音", symbols = { "ʘ̃", "ŋʘ" }, }, { name = "齒鼻搭嘴音", symbols = { "ǀ̃", "ŋǀ" }, }, { name = "齒齦鼻搭嘴音", symbols = { "ǃ̃", "ŋǃ" }, audio = "Intervocalic nasal alveolar clicks.ogg" }, { name = "硬顎鼻搭嘴音", symbols = { "ǂ̃", "ŋǂ" }, }, { name = "捲舌鼻搭嘴音", symbols = { "‼̃", "ŋ‼" }, }, -- Lateral clicks 邊搭嘴音 { name = "不送氣邊搭嘴音", --或作「不送氣齒齦邊搭嘴音」 symbols = { "ǁ", "kǁ" }, audio = "Alveolar lateral click.ogg" }, { name = "濁邊搭嘴音", --或作「濁齒齦邊搭嘴音」 symbols = { "ǁ̬", "ɡǁ" }, }, -- Lateral nasal clicks 邊鼻搭嘴音 { name = "齒齦邊鼻搭嘴音", symbols = { "ǁ̃", "ŋǁ" }, }, -- Glottalized clicks 聲門化搭嘴音 { name = "聲門化雙唇鼻搭嘴音", symbols = { "ʘ̃ˀ", "ʘˀ", "ŋ̊ʘˀ", "ŋʘˀ" }, }, { name = "聲門化齒鼻搭嘴音", symbols = { "ǀ̃ˀ", "ǀˀ", "ŋ̊ǀˀ", "ŋǀˀ" }, }, { name = "聲門化齒齦鼻搭嘴音", symbols = { "ǃ̃ˀ", "ǃˀ", "ŋ̊ǃˀ", "ŋǃˀ" }, }, { name = "聲門化捲舌鼻搭嘴音", symbols = { "‼̃ˀ", "‼ˀ", "ŋ‼ˀ", "ŋ̊‼ˀ" }, }, { name = "聲門化硬顎鼻搭嘴音", symbols = { "ǂ̃ˀ", "ǂˀ", "ŋ̊ǂˀ", "ŋǂˀ" }, }, { name = "聲門化齒齦邊鼻搭嘴音", symbols = { "ǁ̃ˀ", "ǁˀ", "ŋ̊ǁˀ", "ŋǁˀ" }, }, -- Implosives 內爆音 { name = "清雙唇內爆音", symbols = { "ɓ̥", "ƥ" }, }, { name = "濁雙唇內爆音", symbols = { "ɓ" }, audio = "Voiced bilabial implosive.ogg" }, { name = "清齒齦內爆音", symbols = { "ɗ̥", "ƭ" }, }, { name = "濁齒齦內爆音", symbols = { "ɗ" }, audio = "Voiced alveolar implosive.ogg" }, { name = "清捲舌內爆音", symbols = { "ᶑ̊", "ᶑ̥" }, }, { name = "濁捲舌內爆音", symbols = { "ᶑ" }, }, { name = "清硬顎內爆音", symbols = { "ʄ̊", "ʄ̥", "ƈ" }, }, { name = "濁硬顎內爆音", symbols = { "ʄ" }, audio = "Voiced palatal implosive.ogg" }, { name = "清軟顎內爆音", symbols = { "ɠ̊", "ƙ" }, }, { name = "濁軟顎內爆音", symbols = { "ɠ" }, audio = "Voiced velar implosive.ogg" }, { name = "清小舌內爆音", symbols = { "ʛ̥", "ʠ" }, }, { name = "濁小舌內爆音", symbols = { "ʛ" }, audio = "Voiced uvular implosive.ogg" }, -- CO-ARTICULATED CONSONANTS 協同調音輔音 -- Co-articulated nasals 協同調音鼻音 { name = "唇齒齦鼻音", symbols = { "nm" }, article = "唇齦音", }, { name = "唇軟顎鼻音", symbols = { "ŋm" }, audio = "Labial-velar nasal stop.ogg" }, -- Co-articulated stops 協同調音塞音 { name = "清唇齒齦塞音", symbols = { "tp" }, article = "唇齦音", }, { name = "濁唇齒齦塞音", symbols = { "db" }, article = "唇齦音", }, { name = "清唇軟顎塞音", symbols = { "kp" }, audio = "Voiceless labial-velar plosive.ogg" }, { name = "濁唇軟顎塞音", symbols = { "ɡb" }, audio = "Voiced labial-velar plosive.ogg" }, { name = "小舌會厭塞音", symbols = { "qʡ" }, article = "小舌會厭音", }, -- Co-articulated fricatives 協同調音擦音 { name = "Sj音", symbols = { "ɧ" }, audio = "Voiceless dorso-palatal velar fricative.ogg" }, -- Co-articulated approximants 協同調音近音 { name = "清圓唇硬顎近音", symbols = { "ɥ̊" }, }, { name = "圓唇硬顎近音", symbols = { "ɥ" }, audio = "Labial-palatal approximant.ogg" }, { name = "清圓唇軟顎近音", symbols = { "ʍ", "w̥", "hw" }, audio = "Voiceless labio-velar fricative.ogg" }, { name = "濁圓唇軟顎近音", symbols = { "w" }, audio = "Voiced labio-velar approximant.ogg" }, { name = "不突出濁圓唇軟顎近音", symbols = { "wᵝ", "ɰᵝ" }, article = "濁圓唇軟顎近音", }, -- Co-articulated lateral approximants 協同調音邊近音 { name = "軟顎化齒邊近音", symbols = { "ɫ̪", "l̪ˠ" }, }, { name = "軟顎化齒齦邊近音", symbols = { "ɫ", "lˠ" }, audio = "Velarized alveolar lateral approximant.ogg" }, -- Nasal approximants 鼻近音 { name = "鼻硬顎近音", symbols = { "j̃" }, }, { name = "鼻化圓唇軟顎近音", symbols = { "w̃" }, }, { name = "清鼻聲門近音", symbols = { "h̃" }, }, -- VOWELS 元音 -- Close vowels 閉元音 { name = "閉前不圓唇元音", symbols = { "i" }, audio = "Close front unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "閉前圓唇元音", symbols = { "y" }, audio = "Close front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "閉前不突出元音", symbols = { "y͍", "iᵝ" }, audio = "Close front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "閉前突出元音", symbols = { "y̫", "yʷ", "iʷ" }, }, { name = "閉央不圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɨ", "ï" }, audio = "Close central unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "閉央圓唇元音", symbols = { "ʉ", "ü" }, audio = "Close central rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "閉央突出元音", symbols = { "ʉ̫", "ʉʷ", "ɨʷ" }, audio = "Close central rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "閉央不突出元音", symbols = { "ÿ", "ɨᵝ" }, }, { name = "閉後不圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɯ" }, audio = "Close back unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "閉後圓唇元音", symbols = { "u" }, audio = "Close back rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "閉後突出元音", symbols = { "u̫", "uʷ", "ɯʷ" }, audio = "Close back rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "閉後不突出元音", symbols = { "u͍", "ɯᵝ" }, audio = "Ja-U.oga" }, -- Near-close vowels 次閉元音 { name = "次閉前不圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɪ", "ɪ̟", "i̞", "e̝" }, audio = "Near-close near-front unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "次閉前圓唇元音", symbols = { "ʏ", "y̞", "y˕", "ø̝" }, audio = "Near-close near-front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "次閉前不突出元音", symbols = { "ʏ͍", "ɪᵝ" }, audio = "Near-close near-front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "次閉前突出元音", symbols = { "ʏ̫", "ʏʷ", "ɪʷ" }, }, { name = "次閉央不圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɪ̈", "ɨ̞", "ɘ̝" }, audio = "Near-close central unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "次閉央圓唇元音", symbols = { "ʊ̈", "ʊ̟", "ʉ̞", "ɵ̝" }, }, { name = "次閉央突出元音", symbols = { "ʊ̫̈", "ʉ̫˕", "ʊ̈ʷ", "ʉ̞ʷ", "ɪ̈ʷ", "ɨ̞ʷ" }, }, { name = "次閉央不突出元音", symbols = { "ʏ̈", "ɨ̞ᵝ" }, }, { name = "次閉後不圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɯ̞", "ɯ̽" }, audio = "Near-close near-back unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "次閉後圓唇元音", symbols = { "ʊ", "u̞", "o̝" }, audio = "Near-close near-back rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "次閉後突出元音", symbols = { "ʊ̫", "ʊʷ", "ɯ̽ʷ", "ɤ̝̈ʷ", "u̫˕", "u̞ʷ", "ɯ̞ʷ", "ɤ̝ʷ" }, audio = "Near-close near-back rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "次閉後不突出元音", symbols = { "ʊ͍", "ɯ̽ᵝ", "ɯ̞̈ᵝ", "ɯ̞ᵝ" }, }, -- Close-mid vowels { name = "半閉前不圓唇元音", symbols = { "e" }, audio = "Close-mid front unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "半閉前圓唇元音", symbols = { "ø" }, audio = "Close-mid front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "半閉前不突出元音", symbols = { "ø͍", "eᵝ" }, audio = "Close-mid front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "半閉前突出元音", symbols = { "ø̫", "øʷ", "eʷ" }, }, { name = "半閉央不圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɘ", "ë", "ɤ̈" }, audio = "Close-mid central unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "半閉央圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɵ", "ö" }, audio = "Close-mid central rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "半閉央突出元音", symbols = { "ɵ̫", "ɵʷ", "ɘʷ" }, audio = "Close-mid central rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "半閉央不突出元音", symbols = { "ø̈", "ɘᵝ" }, }, { name = "半閉後不圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɤ" }, audio = "Close-mid back unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "半閉後圓唇元音", symbols = { "o" }, audio = "Close-mid back rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "半閉後突出元音", symbols = { "o̫", "oʷ", "ɤʷ" }, audio = "Close-mid back rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "半閉後不突出元音", symbols = { "o͍", "ɤᵝ" }, }, -- Mid vowels 中元音 { name = "中前不圓唇元音", symbols = { "e̞", "ɛ̝" }, audio = "Mid front unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "中前圓唇元音", symbols = { "ø̞", "œ̝" }, }, { name = "中前不突出元音", symbols = { "ø͍˕", "œ͍˔", "e̞ᵝ", "ɛ̝ᵝ" }, }, { name = "中前突出元音", symbols = { "ø̫˕", "œ̫˔", "ø̞ʷ", "œ̝ʷ", "e̞ʷ", "ɛ̝ʷ" }, }, { name = "中央元音", symbols = { "ə" }, audio = "Mid-central vowel.ogg" }, { name = "中央不圓唇元音", symbols = { "ə̜", "ɘ̞", "ɜ̝" }, audio = "Mid-central vowel.ogg" }, { name = "中央圓唇元音", symbols = { "ə̹", "ɵ̞", "ɞ̝" }, audio = "Mid central rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "中後不圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɤ̞", "ʌ̝" }, }, { name = "中後圓唇元音", symbols = { "o̞", "ɔ̝" }, audio = "Mid back rounded vowel.ogg" }, -- Open-mid vowels 半開元音 { name = "半開前不圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɛ" }, audio = "Open-mid front unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "半開前圓唇元音", symbols = { "œ" }, audio = "Open-mid front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "半開前不突出元音", symbols = { "œ͍", "ɛᵝ" }, audio = "Open-mid front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "半開前突出元音", symbols = { "œ̫", "œʷ", "ɛʷ" }, }, { name = "半開央不圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɜ", "ɛ̈", "ʌ̈" }, audio = "Open-mid central unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "半開央圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɞ" }, audio = "Open-mid central rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "半開後不圓唇元音", symbols = { "ʌ" }, audio = "Open-mid back unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "半開後圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɔ" }, audio = "Open-mid back rounded vowel.ogg" }, -- Near-open vowels 次開元音 { name = "次開前不圓唇元音", symbols = { "æ" }, audio = "Near-open front unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "次開央元音", symbols = { "ɐ" }, audio = "Near-open central unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "次開央不圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɐ̜", "ɜ̞" }, audio = "Near-open central unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "次開央圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɐ̹", "ɞ̞" }, }, -- Open vowels 開元音 { name = "開前不圓唇元音", symbols = { "a", "æ̞" }, audio = "Open front unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "開前圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɶ" }, audio = "Open front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "開央不圓唇元音", symbols = { "ä", "ɑ̈", "ɐ̞" }, audio = "Open central unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "開央圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɒ̈", "ɶ̈" }, audio = "Open central rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "開後不圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɑ" }, audio = "Open back unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "開後圓唇元音", symbols = { "ɒ" }, audio = "Open back rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "兒化元音", symbols = { "ɚ", "ɝ", "ɹ̩", "ɻ̍" }, audio = "En-us-er.ogg" }, -- SUPRASEGMENTALS 超音段成分 { name = "重音", symbols = { "ˈ" }, article = "輕重讀", }, { name = "次重音", symbols = { "ˌ" }, }, { name = "小句(音步)組", symbols = { "|" }, article = "韻律單位", }, { name = "主句(語調)組", symbols = { "‖" }, article = "韻律單位", }, { name = "音節間斷", symbols = { "." }, article = "音節", }, { name = "聯誦", symbols = { "‿" }, }, -- TONES AND WORD ACCENTS 聲調與單詞重音 { name = "降階", symbols = { "ꜜ" }, }, { name = "升階", symbols = { "ꜛ" }, }, { name = "升語調", symbols = { "↗" }, article = "韻律 (語言學)", }, { name = "降語調", symbols = { "↘" }, article = "韻律 (語言學)", }, -- EXTENDED IPA (extIPA) 擴展國際音標 { name = "雙唇撞擊音", symbols = { "ʬ" }, }, { name = "雙齒撞擊音", symbols = { "ʭ" }, }, { name = "顎咽擦音", symbols = { "ʩ" }, }, { name = "清齒齦邊-中擦音", symbols = { "ʪ" }, article = "Lateral release (phonetics)", }, { name = "濁齒齦邊-中擦音", symbols = { "ʫ" }, article = "Lateral release (phonetics)", }, { name = "吸入氣流", symbols = { "↓" }, article = "吸氣音", }, { name = "呼出氣流", symbols = { "↑" }, article = "呼氣音", }, { name = "舌尖r", symbols = { "ɹ̺" }, article = "Pronunciation of English /r/", }, { name = "Bunched r", symbols = { "ɹ̈" }, article = "Pronunciation of English /r/", }, { name = "Sublaminal lower alveolar percussive", symbols = { "¡" }, article = "Percussive consonant", }, { name = "Percussive alveolar click", symbols = { "ǃ¡" }, }, { name = "Buccal interdental trill", symbols = { "ↀr̪͆" }, article = "Blowing a raspberry", }, -- NON-IPA 非IPA { name = "Morphological boundary", symbols = { "#" }, article = "詞幹", }, { name = "零", symbols = { "∅" }, article = "Zero (linguistics)", }, }, diacritics = { -- DIACRITICS 變音符號 { name = "清化", symbols = { "̥", "̊", "ḁ", "å", "ů", "ẘ", "ẙ" }, }, { name = "濁化", symbols = { "̬" }, article = "清濁音", }, { name = "送氣", symbols = { "ʰ" }, }, { name = "更圓唇", symbols = { "̹", "͗", "˒" }, article = "元音圓唇度", }, { name = "更展唇", symbols = { "̜", "͑", "˓", "͍" }, article = "元音圓唇度", }, { name = "較前", symbols = { "̟", "˖" }, article = "Relative articulation#Advanced and retracted", }, { name = "較後", symbols = { "̠", "˗" }, article = "Relative articulation#Advanced and retracted", }, { name = "較央", symbols = { "̈" }, article = "Relative articulation#Centralized vowels", }, { name = "中央化", symbols = { "̽" }, article = "Relative articulation#Mid-centralized vowel", }, { name = "成音節", symbols = { "̩", "̍" }, article = "音節輔音", }, { name = "不成音節", symbols = { "̯", "̑" }, article = "半元音", }, { name = "日化", symbols = { "˞" }, article = "日化元音", audio = "En-us-er.ogg" }, { name = "呼氣音", symbols = { "̤", "ṳ", "ʱ" }, article = "呼氣聲", }, { name = "吱嘎音", symbols = { "̰", "ḛ", "ḭ", "ṵ" }, article = "Creaky voice", }, { name = "舌唇化", symbols = { "̼" }, article = "舌唇音", }, { name = "唇音化", symbols = { "ʷ", "̫" }, }, { name = "顎音化", symbols = { "ʲ" }, }, { name = "軟顎化", symbols = { "ˠ" }, }, { name = "咽化", symbols = { "ˤ" }, }, { name = "軟顎化或咽化", symbols = { "̴", "ᵯ", "ᵰ", "ᵱ", "ᵬ", "ᵮ", "ᵵ", "ᵭ", "ᵴ", "ᵶ", "ᵳ", "ᵲ" }, article = "軟顎化", }, { name = "較高", symbols = { "̝", "˔" }, article = "Relative articulation#Raised and lowered", }, { name = "較低", symbols = { "̞", "˕" }, article = "Relative articulation#Raised and lowered", }, { name = "舌根前移", symbols = { "̘" }, }, { name = "舌根後移", symbols = { "̙" }, }, { name = "齒化", symbols = { "̪", "͆" }, article = "齒音", }, { name = "舌尖化", symbols = { "̺" }, article = "舌尖音", }, { name = "舌葉化", symbols = { "̻" }, article = "舌葉音", }, { name = "鼻音化", symbols = { "̃", "ṽ" }, }, { name = "鼻化元音", symbols = { "ĩ", "ỹ", "ɨ̃", "ʉ̃", "ɯ̃", "ũ", "ɪ̃", "ʏ̃", "ʊ̃", "ẽ", "ø̃", "ɘ̃", "ɵ̃", "ɤ̃", "õ", "ə̃", "ɛ̃", "œ̃", "ɜ̃", "ɞ̃", "ʌ̃", "ɔ̃", "æ̃", "ɐ̃", "ã", "ɶ̃", "ä̃", "ɑ̃", "ɒ̃" }, }, { name = "鼻音除阻", symbols = { "ⁿ" }, }, { name = "邊音除阻", symbols = { "ˡ" }, }, { name = "無聲除阻", symbols = { "̚" }, }, { name = "擠喉", symbols = { "ʼ" }, article = "擠喉音", }, { name = "聲門化", symbols = { "ˀ" }, article = "聲門音", }, { name = "唇硬顎化", symbols = { "ᶣ" }, article = "唇硬顎音", }, -- SUPRASEGMENTALS 超音段成分 { name = "長音", symbols = { "ː" }, article = "長音 (語音學)", }, { name = "半長音", symbols = { "ˑ" }, article = "長音 (語音學)", }, { name = "特短", symbols = { "̆" }, }, -- TONES AND WORD ACCENTS 聲調與單詞重音 { name = "重音", symbols = { "̋", "́", "̄", "̀", "̏" }, article = "高低重音", }, { name = "聲調", symbols = { "̌", "ű", "ӳ", "ő", "̂", "í", "ý", "ú", "é", "ó", "á", "᷄", "ī", "ȳ", "ū", "ē", "ō", "ǣ", "ā", "᷅", "ì", "ỳ", "ù", "è", "ò", "à", "᷈", "ȉ", "ȕ", "ȅ", "ȍ", "ȁ", "˥", "˦", "˧", "˨", "˩" }, }, -- EXTENDED IPA (extIPA) 擴展國際音標 { name = "齒齦", symbols = { "͇" }, article = "齒齦音", }, { name = "強發音", symbols = { "͈", "̎" }, article = "強發音與弱發音", }, { name = "弱發音", symbols = { "͉", "᷂" }, article = "強發音與弱發音", }, { name = "去鼻音化", symbols = { "͊" }, }, { name = "顎咽摩擦", symbols = { "͌" }, article = "顎咽音", }, { name = "口哨音", symbols = { "͎" }, article = "Whistled sibilant", }, { name = "不送氣", symbols = { "˭" }, article = "不送氣音", }, { name = "前送氣", -- Pre-aspiration symbols = { "ʰp", "ʰt", "ʰʈ", "ʰc", "ʰk", "ʰq", "ʰn" }, }, -- NON-IPA 非IPA { name = "捲舌", symbols = { "̣", "̢" }, article = "捲舌音", }, { name = "前鼻音化", -- Prenasalized consonant symbols = { "ᵐ", "ᶬ", "ⁿt", "ⁿd", "ⁿθ", "ⁿð", "ⁿs", "ⁿz", "ⁿʃ", "ⁿʒ", "ⁿɕ", "ⁿʑ", "ⁿr", "ⁿɬ", "ⁿɮ", "ⁿl", "ᶯ", "ᶮ", "ᵑ", "ᶰ" }, }, { name = "前塞音化", -- Pre-stopped consonant symbols = { "ᵖ", "ᵇ", "ᵗ", "ᵈ", "ᶜ", "ᶡ", "ᵏ", "ᶢ", "ᴳ" }, }, } } for k, group in pairs(rawData) do for _, v in ipairs(group) do local t = { name = v.name, symbol = v.symbols[1], article = v.article or v.name, audio = v.audio or "" } for _, s in ipairs(v.symbols) do data[k][s] = t end end end return { data = data, rawData = rawData }